Militiaman PHOTO
At forty
Robert Capa stepped on a mine in Vietnam a few seconds after taking his last picture. Hungarian, born in 1913 and died in the line fire in 1954, was due in the legal life Ernö name Endre Friedmann, but as a photographer went down in history adopted the pseudonym when he began to cover the English Civil War in 1936.
His photographic work, an invaluable historical document about the human condition, the greatness of ordinary people, the capacity for tenderness and sympathy of the people, war reminds us that the era of print journalism pretelevisivo, a period in which the reader had to imagine both the images of text and photography, in a sort of intermediary preelectrónica as it were more literary.
Jew, Robert Capa was to emigrate to Paris in 1933 and met three crucial life: David "Chum" Seymour. Henri Cartier-Bresson and Gerda Taro, the German photographer who dabbled in Spain during the first months of civil war and was the great love of his life. In those days is precisely the picture of your camera frozen militia in the very moment of his sudden death on September 5, 1936, in front of Cordoba, near the hill of Muriano, and that his glory should start seeing more as a photographer .
After the Republican defeat, Capa moved to New York and then Life magazine sent him to photograph the Normandy landings which have become their instant celebrity out of focus of Omaha Beach. Between one race and another was given a tour of Mexico on July 7, 1940, and portrayed a almazanista protester killed by police. Also survive in adverse political movements streets of Paris of the 30's, the bombing of Bilbao, the farewell to the International Brigades in Barcelona in 1938, soldiers from China in 1938, Allied troops in Troina and Monreale, Sicily in 1943, the cacophony of the liberation of Paris in 1944, and of course the opening scenes of Vietnam two weeks after the defeat of the French in Dienbienphu.
Returning to New York in 1947 founded the first photo agency history, Magnum, along with David Seymour and Cartier-Bresson, taking the name of the bottle of champagne with which he always held.
Capa was the first to bring to the battlefield the Leica 35 mm which was already in the market since the 20's and she stamped which is perhaps the most important and most controversial picture in the history of the war because there was someone, the British journalist D'Dowd Gallagher, who questioned its authenticity.
Indeed, in the mid-70's Gallagher said that Capa had been with him at a hotel in Barcelona the day he allegedly took the photo of the militia. Thereafter also ran the species layer had stayed at the Republican militia and thinned its hitherto undisputed prestige. However, while driving a series of interviews for his biography of Capa American journalist Richard Whelan demonstrated not only that the old English reporter was confused but the militia had been unmistakably a boy of 24 years the town of Alcoy, near Alicante , and whose name was Federico Borrell García.
Later, the biographer found in the archives of the English government Borrell García was killed in front of Cerro Muriano, north of Cordoba on September 5, 1936 and the controversy was settled in favor of Capa.
Furthermore, a countryman of Federico Borrell García, Mario Brotóns Jorda, acknowledged that the man in the photograph belonged to the regiment from Alcoy because the cartridge of the dead were unique, having been designed and made by the saddlers of people with their own style and not the other combatants were using the Republic. In addition, Brotóns established in Salamanca and Madrid files that only a member of the Alcoy militia had died in front of Cerro Muriano on September 5, 1936: Federico Borrell García.
And not only that: Brotóns showed him the picture of Capa's younger brother Frederick, Evaristo, and he confirmed that all the circumstances of time and place agreed and undoubtedly the militiaman was immortalized his brother.
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